Communication
Radio procedures, phraseology, and communication protocols.
Overview
Communication covers the correct use of radio equipment and standard phraseology used in aviation. Clear and concise radio communication is vital for safe operations, particularly in busy airspace. Pilots must know how to transmit and receive messages, use correct call signs, and follow established communication procedures.
Key Topics
1. Radio Procedures
Correct use of PTT (push-to-talk), listening before transmitting, standard message format (who you're calling, who you are, where you are, what you want), and read-back requirements for ATC clearances.
2. ICAO Phonetic Alphabet
Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India, Juliet, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo, Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, X-ray, Yankee, Zulu. Used for clarity in radio communications.
3. ATC Communications
Understanding different ATC services: Ground, Tower, Approach, Departure, Area Control (Center). Each provides specific services and requires different information from the pilot. Clearances must be read back.
4. Emergency Communications
MAYDAY calls (distress - three times), PAN PAN calls (urgency - three times), the emergency frequency 121.5 MHz, and transponder codes (7500, 7600, 7700). Communication failure procedures in controlled airspace.
5. ATIS and Weather Reports
Automatic Terminal Information Service provides recorded weather and operational information at busy airports. Pilots should listen to ATIS before contacting ATC and include the ATIS identifier in their initial call.
6. VHF Radio Theory
VHF (Very High Frequency) radio operates on 118.000-136.975 MHz with 8.33 kHz or 25 kHz channel spacing. Line-of-sight propagation means range increases with altitude. Understanding frequency selection and radio checks.
Key Terms & Definitions
Exam Tips
- Tip 1:Memorize the ICAO phonetic alphabet and number pronunciation
- Tip 2:Know the standard message format for initial calls and position reports
- Tip 3:Understand which ATC instructions require a mandatory read-back
- Tip 4:Learn the emergency communication procedures (MAYDAY and PAN PAN format)
- Tip 5:Practice decoding ATIS broadcasts and including the identifier in your calls
Recommended References
ICAO Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications
International standards for radio communication procedures
Radiotelephony Manual (CAP 413)
UK CAA manual on radiotelephony procedures and phraseology
AIM Chapter 4 - Air Traffic Control
FAA Aeronautical Information Manual section on ATC procedures
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